The DOO (друштво со ограничена одговорност) is the workhorse of company registration in North Macedonia. If you are weighing company formation options as an SME or a partnership, this is almost always the form you will compare first. Below is what a DOO is, what it costs to set up, and the steps to register one.
What is a DOO?
The most common choice for small and medium businesses. A DOO can have between 2 and 50 founders, who may be individuals or legal entities, domestic or foreign. Liability is limited to each member’s capital contribution. The minimum share capital is EUR 5,000, which may be contributed in cash or in kind and may be paid within one year of registration.
Minimum capital for a DOO
For a DOO the minimum share capital is EUR 5,000 (in denar equivalent). An important practical point: you do not have to deposit the full amount before the company exists. The capital can be paid in cash or contributed in kind (equipment, vehicles, real estate), and the law allows it to be paid within one year of registration. In-kind contributions must be independently valued.
How a DOO compares to other entities
| Entity | Founders | Min. capital | Liability |
|---|---|---|---|
| Limited Liability Company (DOO) | 2–50 | EUR 5,000 (within 1 yr) | Limited to contribution |
| Single-Member LLC (DOOEL) | 1 | EUR 5,000 (within 1 yr) | Limited to contribution |
| Simplified LLC (PDOO) | Up to 3 individuals | EUR 1 | Limited (with mandatory reserve) |
| Sole Proprietor (TP) | 1 individual | None | Unlimited (personal) |
Steps to register a DOO
- Choose the legal form and decide whether your capital contribution will be in cash or in kind.
- Reserve a unique company name and select your principal activity code (NKD) at the Central Registry.
- Prepare and notarize the founding agreement, the decision appointing the manager, and the statutory statements under the Law on Trade Companies.
- Submit the documents electronically to the Central Registry through the One-Stop-Shop System.
- Receive your registration decision and tax number (EDB).
- Produce the company seal and open a corporate bank account.
Documents required for a DOO
- Founding agreement (DOO) or founding statement (DOOEL)
- Copies of the ID card or passport of each founder
- For a corporate founder: extract from its commercial register (apostilled and translated for foreign entities)
- Proof of the share-capital payment (or the agreement to pay within one year)
- Valuation report and contribution agreement for any in-kind contribution
- Decision appointing the manager
- Statutory statements required of the manager and founders under the Company Law