The PDOO — often called the “1-euro company” — is the lowest-capital way to register a company in North Macedonia. It suits first-time founders who want limited liability without committing EUR 5,000 up front.
What is a PDOO?
A simplified limited liability company can be founded by up to three individuals, one of whom is the manager. The minimum share capital is just EUR 1 (in denar equivalent), with a minimum nominal share of 10 cents. In exchange for the low entry capital, a PDOO must build a mandatory reserve by setting aside one quarter of its annual profit until the reserve reaches the level of standard share capital. It is designed to lower the barrier for first-time founders.
The mandatory reserve rule
Because a PDOO starts with only EUR 1, the law requires it to retain one quarter of its annual profit in a mandatory reserve each year until that reserve reaches the level of standard share capital (EUR 5,000). Once it does, the company effectively operates like a standard DOO. This trade-off keeps the entry barrier low while still building real capital over time.
PDOO vs DOO / DOOEL
| Entity | Founders | Min. capital | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified LLC (PDOO) | Up to 3 individuals | EUR 1 | Mandatory profit reserve until EUR 5,000 |
| Single-Member LLC (DOOEL) | 1 | EUR 5,000 (within 1 yr) | No reserve requirement |
| Limited Liability Company (DOO) | 2–50 | EUR 5,000 (within 1 yr) | No reserve requirement |